Disfemia pada Novel Stardust
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Abstrak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis tipe dan fungsi disfemia pada novel Stardust karangan Neil Gaiman. Analisis penelitian ini menggunakan teori tipe disfemia oleh Rawson yang mengklasifikasikan disfemia ke dalam tujuh tipe, yaitu profanity, obscenity, insult epithet, insult synecdoche, insult names atau nicknames, insult food dan insult occupation. Teori kedua merujuk pada teori fungsi disfemia oleh Andersson dan Trudgill yang mengelompokkan fungsi disfemia menjadi empat, yakni expletive, abusive, humorous, dan auxiliary. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil analisis dari 37 data mengungkapkan ada disfemia tipe profanity dengan dua fungsi: expletive dan auxiliary (6 data), tipe disfemia obscenity dengan satu fungsi: auxiliary (2 data), tipe disfemia insult epithet dengan tiga fungsi: abusive, humorous dan auxiliary (6 data), tipe disfemia insult synecdoche dengan tiga fungsi: expletive, humorous dan auxiliary (6 data), tipe disfemia insult names atau nicknames dengan empat fungsi: expletive, abusive, humorous dan auxiliary (12 data), tipe disfemia insult food dengan satu fungsi: auxiliary (1 data), dan tipe disfemia insult occupation dengan dua fungsi: abusive dan auxiliary (4 data). Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa tipe disfemia insult names atau nicknames dengan fungsi expletive menjadi yang paling banyak ditemukan dalam novel.
Kata Kunci: Disfemia; Profanity; Obscenity; Hinaan
Abstract. The aims of this research are to identify and to analyze the types and functions of dysphemism in STARDUST novel by Neil Gaiman. This study applies Rawson’s types of dysphemism theory that falls into seven categories: profanity, obscenity, insult epithet, insult synecdoche, insult names or nicknames, insult food and insult occupation. This research also utilizes Andersson and Trudgill’s theory of functions of dysphemism which divides into four groups: expletive, abusive, humorous and auxiliary. This study uses descriptive qualitative to describe its findings. The result given by 37 data displays dysphemism type profanity has two functions: expletive and auxiliary (6 data); obscenity has one function: auxiliary (2 data); insult epithet has three functions: abusive, humorous and auxiliary (6 data); insult synecdoche with three functions: expletive, humorous and auxiliary (6 data); insult names or nicknames has four functions: expletive, abusive, humorous and auxiliary (12 data); insult food has one function: auxiliary (1 data); and insult occupation has two functions: abusive and auxiliary (4 data). In conclusion, insult names or nicknames are the most dominant type of dysphemism used in the novel alongside expletive function.
Keyword: Dysphemism; Profanity; Obscenity; InsultTeks Lengkap:
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30998/sinastra.v1i0.6062
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